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  1. ; ; (, Journal of Statistics and Data Science Education)
    While many instructors are aware of the Literary Digest 1936 poll as an example of biased sampling methods, this article details potential further explorations for the Digest’s 1924-1936 quadrennial U.S. presidential election polls. Potential activities range from lessons in data acquisition, cleaning, and validation, to basic data literacy and visualization skills, to exploring one or more methods of adjustment to account for bias based on information collected at that time. Students can also compare how those methods would have performed. One option could be to give introductory students a first look at the idea of “sampling adjustment” and how this principle can be used to account for difficulties in modern polling, but the context is rich in other opportunities that can be discussed at various times in the course or in more advanced sampling courses. 
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